Tuberculosis still remains the most widespread and deadly infectious disease worldwide. This is the main reason that World Health Organization (WHO) has declared tuberculosis as a great emergency. The most important factors responsible for this huge widespread are the large amount of immigrants from high incidence and prevalence countries, overcrowded and substandard housing, lack of medication in billions of disadvantage people, false and late diagnosis, lack of community care control and HIV infection. It is more than clear that health care system should adopt more essential and novel strategies for disease control. Under these circumstances, nursing care must be focused in both compliance to the medical therapy and recovery. Registration and surveillance of new cases is obligatory. In order to prevent disease transmission among patients and working staff as well as the possibility of a future epidemic disaster, specific measures and technical protection must be established.
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