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Home > The Correlation between Dyslexia and Social and Demographic Factors in Children of School Age
Original Paper

The Correlation between Dyslexia and Social and Demographic Factors in Children of School Age

Paraskeui Apostolara , Konstantinos Tsoumakas , Marianna Diomidous , Kalokairinou Athina

Background: The numbers of children with learning disabilities are increasing. Recently efforts have been made to identify the biological, hereditary and social factors that may trigger and aggravate the phenomenon.
Aim: To investigate the correlation of social and demographic factors with the appearance of dyslexia in children of school age.
Method: The study group was a convenience sample of 100 children (50 with diagnosed dyslexia and 50 with no diagnosis of learning problems), aged 6 to 12 years, from 3 schools in Attica, recruited over a 2-month period. Questionnaires covering demographic data and factors that may be connected with the presence of dyslexia were distributed to the children’s parents. The response rate was 96 %. Logistic regression analysis was used in order to identify independent factors associated with dyslexia.
Results: The proportion of dyslexia was lower in girls than in boys (OR=0.21, 95% CI: 0.04–0.98, p=0.05) and it was more frequent in left-handers (OR=7.58, 95% CI: 1.01–62.5, p=0.05). Increased likelihood of dyslexia was correlated with poor concentration (OR=52.61, 95% CI: 7.88–351.1, p<0.001), articu- lation-phonology disorders (OR=11.51, 95% CI: 1.01–130.73, p=0.05), a family history of dyslexia (OR=35.68, 95% CI: 5.02–253.33, p=0.003) and having a father in a“middle class”profession. Finally it was found that children who had achieved night-time bladder control at 2–3 years were less likely, by 82%, to be dyslexic than children who achieved bladder control later than 3 years of age (p=0.043). 
Conclusions: Apart from biological factors, the findings of this study suggest that factors such as sex, left-handedness, family history and parental educational level are correlated with dyslexia.

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2010 volume 49, N 2

child demographic factors dyslexia parents social factors

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